Category Archives: Treatment Approaches

介紹書<心靈影像的力量>

作者馬大元醫師

作者馬大元醫師

這本書出版於 2015年9月1日,我 9月5日在台北誠品敦南店買下它(台幣 280,還有79折),當時只是抱著想在 CBT 和 ACT 以外多學些不一樣的療法,尤其想接觸東方心理學,當然同時也不對這種速成法有太大的期望。

簡單來說,心靈影像療法 (Mental Image Therapy, MIT) 就是針對客戶的問體,再依據其成長背景等,用一個故事,一個問題或畫面,甚至只是簡單一個詞或物品之類的,讓他頓悟並從問題裏走出來。書裏有許多很不錯的例子,而通常這些影像在現實中也會有提醒物,讓你不斷”溫習”使效果更顯著。這裏有段<遊泳與遊泳圈>解釋精神藥物的角色,是摘自這本書的。

比起許多看過的台灣書籍,雖然這作者馬大元醫師是出版界的新手,但這書相對寫的集中不零散,也淺顯易懂很平民化。只是封面說的這般療效有些言過其實。重點跟任何療法一樣,在於實踐。而要實踐,就必須先熟讀和瞭解。

我倒覺得其實方法很像 Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT, 接受與承諾療法) 裏的 metaphors,只要用對了,就能根深蒂固,帶來療效和改善。所以你應該會猜到,我會推薦這本書,因為它有我最常提起的 ACT, (不過 ACT 是個非常完善的治療系統,只能說心靈影像類似 ACT 裏的其中一節)。

介紹書<情緒生病,身體當然好不了>

這比較不是一般心理學或心理健康相關的書,但是說起情緒,卻還是和我們息息相關的。

作家黃鼎殷醫師
作家黃鼎殷醫師

我是參加作者的講座時,用 RM 30 買下這本書,憑書參加講座會,同時可以憑書參加一個價值 6000台幣的情緒療癒課程(時間安排不到,所以我沒去;後來聽在台灣的朋友花了好多錢參加人生動力課程,好像獲益不少)。

其實這兩三年買過和看過的台灣書(非故事類)都相對令我失望,不知道是我自己抱太大希望,還是選購中文書的能力不及選購英文書的能力強,還是在台灣普遍出書相對容易門檻低?

儘管如此,這本書還是給我相當簡單明瞭的中醫基礎,還有理解我們的身體和情緒之間的密切關係。對我這種對中醫理論完全沒概念的人這書絕對寫得淺顯易懂(但也因為簡化,所以要真的拿來治病還是不太可能,畢竟人體沒這麼簡單,而且每個人的身體和病情症狀也不同)。

至於裡面介紹的“自癒行動”(如力量呼吸,亂語等)我倒是有興趣試試,效果如何要等我找時間試了才知道。

總結來說對外行人蠻值得看看的,當做學門新知識。

精神药物的角色

摘自马大元医师的<心灵影像的力量>-

精神药物就像救生圈,当一个人掉进水里快要溺死了,这时如果指导他游泳的技巧,绝对是缓不济急。此时,他最需要的,是有人赶紧丢一个救生圈给他,让他尽快脱离溺水的痛苦与危险。

脱离溺水危机之后,这个人痛定思痛,开始下定决心学习游泳。一开始,因为没有信心,仍需一个游泳圈的辅助。等到学会游泳以后,游泳圈就是累赘了。。。你有看过奥运选手戴着游泳圈参加比赛吗?

精神药物的角色也是如此,在你最痛苦,无助的时候,可以提供最即时的协助。危机解除之后,治本之道就是学会情绪调适的技巧。在学习的过程中,游泳圈(药物)仍可以提供适当的辅助。等到你的情绪调适技巧熟练了,游泳圈(药物)就是多余的了!


很多人会以为吃了几个星期的药,比较舒服了,就擅自甚至不听劝告停药(在还没准备好的情况下,就放弃游泳圈了)。非常幸运的,可能这辈子也没再复发;比较幸运的,可能过了几年才回来了;但是大部分,在几个月内,面对重大生活巨变或压力时,就又再溺水,又需要游泳圈(药物)了。

另一种情况,病人开始服药后,就产生依赖性,习惯了游泳圈的便利与安全感的。有些倒是乐意,反正舒服,经济也能承担。有些呢,则会责怪医生责怪自己责怪家人,开始了这药,就停不下来了。问题是,药物是可以平衡头脑里的传输物质,但是你自己呢?你努力了吗?只单靠药物就能完全痊愈不再复发吗?

所以我特别觉得这篇<游泳与游泳圈>写得特别好。不能只靠药物,在觉得比较舒服后,就开始学习调适自己,调适情绪,调整生活步调,学习如何抗压,多做运动和参与有意义的活动等等。

Introducing “The Happiness Trap”

by Russ Harris
by Dr. Russ Harris

I completed this book in 2014. It was bought at Popular Bookstore at the price of RM34.90 (before 10% off for members). Just thought it’s really a good basic and entry book to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) that I’ve been mentioning everywhere in my blog, also an easy read, and the chapters are really short. It definitely gives a grasp and basic concepts of ACT, using metaphors (so it can be a bit like reading stories!).

I’ve introduced and lent it to non-psychology backgrounds readers. What I realized is that they can usually get the ideas and benefit from them, but they don’t really know how to practice these concepts in real life (how to accept? how to defuse from my thought? etc). So if you get the ideas and are liking ACT after reading this book (just like me), you shall take a look at “Getting out of your mind and into your life: The new ACT.”

Introducing “Get Out of Your Mind and Into Your Life: The New Acceptance & Commitment Therapy”

Got this book from Kinokuniya, Kuala Lumpur in September 2015 (RM101.84).

By Steven C. Hayes
By Steven C. Hayes

I’ve been mentioning a lot about Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT, see here for all the related posts), now finally, it’s an ACT workbook.

It’s written for the general public (especially those with pain and suffering), hence considerably readable though a lot of times it may go against your common sense. It talks about human suffering (why do we suffer? If we don’t struggle with the pain, is it still pain?), why and how language leads to suffering (do the birds or dogs think that they’re suffering? Or do they just feel it?), “experiential avoidance”, acceptance and willingness (how?!!), being the observing self (I really like getting in touch with my observing self, this is something that I tried to explain to my sister when we were much younger, it was a struggle because we didn’t have a term for it back then, but she got me), values (life direction) and committed action etc.

This is a workbook so there are plenty of exercises (meditation, mindfulness, getting detached from your thoughts/feelings, letting go, metaphors etc) in it, you will almost definitely find some that you like and some that you don’t quite like.

I’d recommend it to anyone, and especially to stick to and really hands on the exercises and practices (otherwise there’s no point to just “read” a workbook). If you have some suffering/pain that you’ve really been struggling with in your life (or in your mind, in a sense), it seems easier for you to practice the workbook. Nevertheless, if you’re like me – thinking you’re fine in general – it’d still be beneficial to go through and work on it.

Watch Your Thought Come and Go

Meditation Exercise: Leaves on the stream (by far my favourite and what I practice most)

This is an eye-closed exercise. First read the instructions and then when you are sure you understand them, close your eyes and do the exercise. (Or you can use the recordings at the end of this post)

Imagine a beautiful slow-moving stream. The water flows over rocks, around trees, descends down-hill, and travels through a valley. Once in a while, a big leaf drops into the stream and floats away down the river. Imagine you are sitting beside that stream on a warm, sunny day, watching the leaves float by.

Now become conscious of your thoughts. Each time a thought pops into your head, imagine that it is written on one of those leaves. If you think in words, put them on the leaf as words. If you think in images, put them on the leaf as an image. The goal is to stay beside the stream and allow the leaves on the stream to keep flowing by. Don’t try to make the stream go faster or slower; don’t try to change what shows up on the leaves in any way. If the leaves disappear, or if you mentally go somewhere else, or if you find that you are in the stream or on a leaf, just stop and notice that this happened. File that knowledge away and then once again return to the stream, watch a thought come into your mind, write it on a leaf, and let the leaf float away down the stream.

(It doesn’t matter how vivid or clear the imagery is, as long as the concept is there, that you notice your thoughts, and let go of your thoughts once you notice them)

Continue doing this for at least 5 minutes. If the instructions are clear to you now, go ahead and close your eyes and do the exercise.

(Continuing reading AFTER the exercise)

You can think of the moments when the stream wouldn’t flow as moments of cognitive fusion, while the moments when the stream does flow are moments of cognitive defusion. Many times we become fused to a thought without even being aware of it. Thoughts about this exercise can be especially “sticky”. If you thought “I’m not doing this right” or “this exercise doesn’t work for me,” these too are thoughts that you may become fused to quite easily. In many cases, you may not even notice them as thoughts. Other particularly sticky thoughts are emotional thoughts, comparative ones, and temporal or causal ones.

A recording of the exercise in English (starts after 5 seconds):

Leaves on the stream – 12 minutes

Leaves on the stream – 11 minutes (starts quicker, less guidance towards the end)

Leaves on the stream – 20 minutes (starts with being aware and accepting body sensation)

Leaves on the stream – 12 minutes (start directly, less instructions, suits those who are familiar with the exercise but still need some prompts)

A recording of the exercise in Mandarin: 

“河流上的飘叶”录音- 12分钟

“河流上的飘叶”录音II -12分钟

河流上的飘叶- 12分钟(直接开始,指示较少,适合已经熟悉这个练习的人)

(类似的内容,只是前面的指示稍微不同;5-6秒后指示才开始)