Book: “The Mind is Flat”

The Mind is Flat: The Illusion of Mental Depth and the Improvised Mind, by NICK CHATER

Mark R. Davis gave this book to me. If you, like me, saw how excited he was after reading this book, you’d know why I’d highly recommend anyone to read this book.

Have you ever thought that perhaps there’s no depth in our mind? Let me ask you, what’s your favourite food? … Have the answer? OK, now, why do you like it? Spend a bit of time to think about the answer.

Ok, how did you find the answer? You went inside your head to look for all the possible reasons of why you like, say, Japanese Ramen, right? That’s what we all think we do. But no, the author, Nick Chater, with scientific findings and references, tells you that’s all folk nonsense, your brain actually invented all that as it went. There is no underlying beliefs, desires, fears…

The rich mental world we imagine that we’re “looking in on” moment-by-moment, is actually a story that we’re inventing moment-by-moment.

Nick Chater, The Mind is Flat

It’s also one of the books that I mentioned to my friends and clients most. If you do read it, let’s have a discussion! 🙂

给“发现”家里有同性恋者的你:

请你慢慢地看,仔细地思考,或许过几天再回来重复看。如果我说的不对,你可以留言告诉我、纠正我… 

-喜欢什么人、哪个人、什么性别,是自然发生的事,事实上也不是他的“选择”。我们无法选择自己喜欢的人的性别,不管你是异性恋还是同性恋都一样,不是我们的控制范围。回想过去的你,不也自然发生吗?

-你希望他改变的话,就请将心比心,想象你要强迫自己改变性向,那会怎样?快乐吗?痛苦吗?

-你希望他健康、快乐,对吗?

-没有同性恋倾向的成人,不会被蒙骗/迷惑/影响而变成同性恋。(若有,是因为他原本就很可能是,只是自己也无法面对或对自己坦诚,那他也只是被影响下而敢于面对)。

-或许他曾经不是同性恋,或许他从小幻想自己和异性交往结婚,甚至曾经交往异性几个或多年,可是这世上有很多人,爱的是“那个人”而不是“他的性别”。而我们从小接触的书本、故事、卡通、周遭的人,几乎都是异性恋,所以那些幻想也不代表什么。很多人自己也无法接纳自己是同性恋,而选择和异性交往,做所谓的“正常人”。

-或许你认为你那“正常”的路比较轻松。那,你希望他走一条辛苦但快乐的路,还是走一条轻松但他并不快乐的路?一辈子的路很长…

-你对他的担心和劝告,甚至愤怒和责备,背后都是关心和爱,因为这条路可能真的不容易,我想代替他,谢谢你。但是从来没有人保证异性恋情和婚姻就会比较轻松比较快乐,不如请他让自己强大起来,提高抗压和应对能力,走这条好像比较不容易走的路,有能力应付别人的眼光和批评。

-他们告诉我,外面的人如何看待他们其实一点也不重要,对他们而言,最重要的是你,你的认可和接受比什么都珍贵。每一天,他们都在期待或许哪天能够与你坦诚相对。

-请他答应你:以一种好奇和开放(curious & open)的心态,继续探索、继续了解自己,继续成长和变得更成熟。

-你最希望的,是他健康、快乐,对吗?

-我想告诉你,如果他有选择,他也想选择一条社会普遍认可的轻松路…

-希望你也以一种好奇和开放的心态,去了解这个世界上各种不同的人,学习了解他们,与他们相处,接纳不同的人,甚至,喜欢他们。他们只是有些地方和你不一样,但他们并不坏,和大部分人不同也不代表是心理问题,并且他们和你一样很努力的生活和了解自己、做自己。

谢谢你愿意看完这些话。

生活教练

这年轻的女生于去年7月左右与我联系,告诉我说她不认为自己有严重的心理问题,但需要帮助。当我第一次见到她时,她说她想重考SPM考试,但一直缺乏动力。而且已经拖了2-3年还没去考。

我不太习惯接受相对“健康”的来访者/患者。通常,我的大部分患者的任何抑郁/焦虑或情绪困扰量表上的得分都很高。但是那时我想接收一些不同类型的来访者,所以我和她开始合作解决她的问题,例如拖延症,处理愤怒和恐惧等负面情绪,处理忧虑和负面思想,建立常规和练习好的生活习惯,还有一些冲动行为的问题。

我们并没有花费很长时间或很多次咨询,大多数治疗目标均已实现。我最近与她联系,她说她目前在等待SPM的成绩的同时正在做咖啡师的工作。

我意识到这原本就像我常在治疗快结束时(当病情稳定得多时)或当他们正在服药并由精神专科医生转介给我时(他们第一次见我时,症状已相对缓解),常做的事情。我还认为,这其实是很多人需要的,尤其在他们积累了很多无法解决的问题之前,对自己的感觉越来越糟之前,开始陷入沮丧或其他心理问题之前,就该得到的帮助。

因此,我决定写这篇关于“生活教练”(或生活指导, life coach)的文章,给予一些不见得患有心理问题,但需要一些生活上的帮助、引导的人。一般上,可以使用催眠、基于正念的CBT(认知行为疗法)和ACT(接受和承诺疗法)来得到帮助。

如果您希望达到以下目标,请在下方评论或与我联系(电子邮件hello@huibee.com或whatsapp 0172757813):

  • 变得更自信
  • 对特定领域/情况更有信心
  • 学习/工作更有动力
  • 厘清您的人生/职业/未来目标
  • 解决拖延症!
  • 解决生活中的特定问题
  • 成为更好的问题解决者
  • 厘清您的人生价值/方向
  • 开始为实现目标而采取行动
  • 变得更具情感弹性
  • 处理负面情绪,思想和忧虑
  • 更加集中注意力并更好地控制注意力(提高集中力与专注时长)
  • 更好的沟通
  • 更好地表达情感和感觉
  • 执行您的健身和饮食计划,以保持或减轻体重
  • 应对各种恐惧(例如与上司/权威人物谈话,黑暗,身高,约会等)
  • 畅所欲言并捍卫自己的权利
  • …和更多

The Intention/Belief behind a Behaviour

I talked about letting go of thought VS chucking it away in a 2016 post: Let it go OR Chuck it away. Now, let’s look at this:

Winnie the Pooh & Piglet

The behaviour that Pooh and Piglet do are the same, i.e. they both don’t think about the scary dream. But what Pooh is doing, is “letting go”, whereas piglet? He’s trying hard to chuck it away.

Quite often people overlook this key distinction, they think they copy the same behaviour, and will then achieve the same results. But the beliefs and intention behind the behaviour are important too. Are you worrying about the dream so you don’t think about it? Or do you not care about it so you don’t think about it?

Similarly, on anxiety, are you practicing relaxation because you think anxiety is bad and you can’t tolerate it? Or are you practicing relaxation because it helps you perform better when you’re less anxious? It’s the beliefs and intention behind that differ, the behaviour done or presented is the same.

It’s like on “acceptance” (a word I tend not to use with clients). Do you accept the pain because it doesn’t really matter anymore, or do you accept it because you have no choice (is it still acceptance?)?

关于自杀的迷思与误解

  • 问别人会不会自杀,会导致其真的去自杀?

这是很多人担心的。但是根据研究(Mathias et al 2012),原本有自杀意念的人,并不会因为被问了而更想自杀,除非问的方法本身有问题(比如带有挑衅、取笑意味等)。

很多有自杀念头的人,被以关心的方式问了后反而觉得“终于有人可以和我谈论这件事”。

  • 会叫的狗不会咬人,说要自杀的人不会真的自杀?

研究显示,想自杀的人都曾经透露过与这个念头相关的信息,甚至2007年何金针的一项研究显示,三分之二进行自杀行为的人,一个月前曾求助于专家或助人机构。过半的自杀者在自我伤害前都曾经向他人求助。

当有人表达自杀念头的时候,切记不要将它当成玩笑。

  • 因为怕痛,自杀未遂的人不会再自杀?

这也是错的。多数自杀未遂者、自杀企图者,再次企图自杀,有1%在一年内会自杀(成功)而死,10%在10年内会自杀而死,一辈子来说,有20%的自杀未遂者会再企图自杀而死。自杀未遂后,更需要更多关怀,尤其发生后的三天,到下来的几个月。

自杀未遂者在企图这么做后,更容易有各种身体或心理问题。自杀企图者的平均寿命比其他人短30年。喝酒自伤者容易有消化系统相关的问题,药物滥用者往往与精神疾病有关等等。

Should your therapist give you advice?

“What? Isn’t that what I go to therapy for?”

No… Not really. Psychotherapists and counsellors are normally taught not to give advice (for important decision making) to their clients. We do not want our clients to become dependent on us, instead, we guide them and equip them with the skills to think more rationally, realistically and in ways that are helpful to them.

I remember there are few occasions when clients first came to see me, and they told me about how previous psychiatrists/therapist/counsellors had advised them to do certain things like leaving a boyfriend or a job or moving house etc, how they still ruminating about it today and still don’t think it was the right thing to do. Here, I’m not blaming the therapists or consultants. It’s both ways… Because quite often, clients want quick fix, they want the answer now… And the therapists feel the urgency to help and provide the quick fix.

But there are times when we do give advice, and that’s on severely depressed clients, and on suicidal prevention. We do advice the subject and the family around him/her what to do.

Also, I do provide psychoeducation to family members of most of my severe OCD clients. In a sense, sometimes there are family members who cannot rationalise how they are reinforcing the OC symptoms, then I will just advise them what and what not to do.

So right, your therapist should be there to teach you how to fish (how to solve your problems, how to handle your negative emotions, how to make decision etc), but not to just keep giving you fish. If it’s the latter that they are constantly doing (it’s quite normal to do it in the beginning of the therapy or when your condition doesn’t allow independent decision), at some point you are going to realise that you can’t live without them…